Water cooled EAF roof steelmaking process

The electric water cooled EAF roof steelmaking process contains many dangerous potential factors. If you do not eliminate them in time and take corresponding measures to avoid them, safety accidents will occur. With the gradual increase in steel output, my country has also paid more and more attention to safety in production. To do a good job in safe production, we must first consider the employees, provide the basis and guarantee for safe production from the technology and equipment, and improve the behavioral norms of the employees from the system. In terms of thinking, employees must maintain a good mentality and healthy emotions to devote themselves to work. Reliable safety facilities and work equipment should be provided in the working environment to prevent damage to employees caused by environmental insecurity. In terms of behavior, employees must be guided correctly, and systems should be used to prevent risk-taking and brutality, robbing production and gaining profits, so that safe behaviors are encouraged and rewarded. When using employees, necessary safety knowledge training should be conducted for employees so that employees have the skills and self-protection awareness of safe production. In terms of salary and remuneration, reasonable wage levels should be provided to employees to avoid accidents caused by employees who are not concentrated due to economic reasons. At the same time, we must prepare emergency plans for major accidents and organize employee exercises. During the production process of electric furnaces, there are many dangers, including high temperature burns and burns, oxygen burns, molten steel scalds, gas poisoning, electric shock injuries, mechanical injuries, falling from a high altitude, steam burns, occupational diseases, etc.

In January 2001, when a steel company smelted steel in an electric furnace, because the tap hole did not flow freely, the operator in front of the furnace did not open the tap hole after burning oxygen for 5 minutes. The steelmaker considered that the temperature in the furnace had been lowered. Return to the main control room to continue the power supply operation. When the power was turned on for 1 minute, a violent explosion occurred in the furnace. The molten steel violently overflowed from the furnace cover. The flame severely burned an employee who was preparing to add deoxidizer, and the electric furnace cover was displaced. The electrodes were blown off, most of the furnace lining magnesia carbon bricks collapsed after being blown up, the equipment was in a state of paralysis, and the processing time exceeded 4 days. After the analysis, it was believed that the water-cooled plate above the tap hole of the electric furnace had a slight water leakage. In order to grab the output, it did not deal with it. There is no self-flow during tapping. When the furnace body tilts toward the tapping direction, the liquid level of the molten steel in the tapping tank is higher, which intensifies the expansion of the leakage point of the water-cooled plate. When power is transmitted, a large amount of cooling water from the leakage point enters the molten pool to form This vicious explosion accident occurred. After the accident, it caused a strong shock to the employees' psychology and produced negative emotions. The loss of the entire accident exceeded more than 200,000 yuan.

How to prevent explosion accidents caused by water leakage in the furnace wall and cover of the electric furnace?

(1) Before the electric furnace is sent for smelting, it must be carefully inspected and confirmed in strict accordance with the requirements of the process regulations to confirm that the cooling water flow and pressure of all water cooling systems are normal. During normal smelting, you must pay close attention to various conditions in the furnace. When the molten steel in the furnace is found to be abnormally turned or the steam overflows, the smelting operation must be stopped immediately, and the smelting can be continued after careful inspection and confirmation. Before tapping, it is necessary to reconfirm whether there is water leakage in the furnace, otherwise tapping operations are not allowed, and maintenance personnel and relevant responsible personnel should be notified immediately for confirmation, and corresponding measures should be taken.

(2) Establish files for the furnace shell, furnace cover and other water-cooled components, and replace them regularly.

(3) Check the wall thickness of the water-cooled plate during each maintenance period (especially the water-cooled plate on the side of the transformer chamber of the electric furnace and the water-cooled plate that has been repaired for water leakage), and replace it in time if there is a problem.

(4) When repairing the leaking water-cooled plate by welding, the maintenance personnel must strictly implement the welding procedure regulations and assign experienced welders to deal with it. They must ensure the welding quality to avoid accidents.

(5) After the water-cooled furnace wall is overhauled, a layer of refractory material must be sprayed on the inner working surface of the furnace wall to protect the furnace wall. During the electric furnace smelting operation, the foamed slag must be made for submerged arc smelting. If the slag foaming effect is not good, the power supply must be reduced to reduce the damage to the furnace wall caused by the electric arc.

(6) The instrument and electrical system must ensure that the flow, pressure and temperature signals of all water cooling systems of the electric furnace are normal and accurate. After the furnace has been shut down for a long time, it must be carefully inspected when restarting the furnace to confirm that all water-cooled parts are intact and there is no leakage. If any leakage is found, it must be treated. After the treatment, the refractory at the leaking site must be carefully inspected to confirm that the refractory is dry and in good condition before smelting can be started.

(7) Strictly control the quality of incoming raw materials and carry out smelting in accordance with the requirements of the process regulations. The scrap steel shall not be wet or contain ice and snow, airtight containers, explosives and other materials, so as to avoid explosions and cause water-cooled plate leakage. Vicious boiling accidents should be prevented. occur.