Ferroalloy furnace's accident analysis

Ferroalloy furnace's causes of scalding accident

Scalding accident caused by illegal command

"Three violations" are the source of crime causing accidents, among which illegal command is the most harmful.

Burning accident caused by illegal operation

The main reason is that some smelters have weak safety awareness and numbness of thought, do not abide by the safe operation procedures for tapping and oxygen blowing, or are affected by habitual illegal operators, and operate against regulations when the safety protection devices are lack and damaged and the safety protection measures are not implemented in place, resulting in accidents.

Burning accident caused by material collapse and splashing in the furnace

Due to improper operation or production process, electric furnace smelting will cause material boiling, slag turning and material collapse in the furnace, resulting in hot material splashing everywhere, resulting in personnel scalding accident.

The temperature in the furnace is too low and the charge is not melted. When the temperature rises, the concentrated overflow gas will be blocked. At the same time, if the charge is too fast or excessive, the fluidity of slag will be poor, resulting in the boiling of materials in the furnace.

After the slag is mixed with the molten material at low temperature, the reaction between the molten material and the molten gas increases, and the slag will collapse or turn over.

The electrode of the electric furnace is hard broken, resulting in the shortening of the electrode and the wet material powder. Under the condition of improper operation, it is easy to cause material collapse and hot material splashing in the furnace. If there are people working or staying around the furnace surface, it is very easy to burn.

Burning accident caused by electrode explosion

The electrode paste used in production fluctuates greatly, the crystal water is high, and the sintering speed is slow. When the electrode sintering is not good, a large amount of combustible gas will be generated, which will rapidly gather and expand, resulting in electrode explosion.

The operators of electric furnace smelting are inexperienced and fail to judge that the electrode will be abnormal.

The gap of the electrode hole on the workshop site is wide, there are certain hidden dangers, and the warning signs on the operation site are not perfect.

The risk of molten iron ladle overturning and molten iron overflow will lead to serious scalding accident

Burning accidents caused by poor environmental conditions at the production and operation site

The casting room is a place for the casting and cooling of high-temperature molten iron from the furnace. Most ferroalloy plants carry out comprehensive operations on this site, such as water quenching of slag, cooling of slag not quenched by water, finishing and hoisting of finished products after ferroalloy cooling, as well as comprehensive places for crane operation and storage of ingot mold, slag ladle, molten iron ladle and finishing bucket. In addition, due to insufficient management of production operation site in the casting room, inadequate implementation of systems and rectification measures, lax inspection and assessment, casting materials are stacked everywhere, The workpieces and tools are scattered everywhere, the slag and waste are not cleaned in time, the site passage is narrow or the safety passage is occupied by articles and finishing buckets, and the operation personnel are inconvenient to move. The safety signs are not set or set irregularly, resulting in certain potential accidents in the casting room, which is also a site where scalding accidents are very easy to occur.

Other scalding accidents

During the casting and cooling process after the molten iron is discharged from the furnace, due to the internal stress caused by the shrinkage or fracture of the iron block, the fragments pop up, which is very likely to hurt or burn the surrounding personnel.

Ferroalloy furnace's preventive countermeasures and measures

Conscientiously implement the principle of "managing production must manage safety" 

Start with leaders at all levels, implement them at all levels, and take punishment measures for units or individuals who cannot earnestly perform their duties, so as to achieve the purpose of vigilance; 

Strengthen safety education, take the burn accidents of the enterprise over the years as examples, and widely carry out the learning, publicity and education activities of "safety first" and "production must be safe" within the scope of the company, so as to further improve the safety awareness and self-protection ability of all employees; 

Strengthen the training of operation skills and safety knowledge of operators

Prevent material collapse in the smelting process, causing a large amount of hot material to spray out and burn personnel 

It must be achieved: 

strictly control the particle size and moisture of raw materials into the furnace. If the furnace charge has high humidity, it must be baked and dried before entering the furnace;

Strengthen the observation and maintenance of furnace conditions to ensure the normal operation of furnace conditions; 

Strengthen the maintenance of smelting electrode and control the hard break accident of electrode. When violent boiling occurs in the molten pool during smelting, the power distributor shall immediately lift the electrode and cut off the power supply. The furnace operator shall stop feeding and immediately stay away from both sides of the furnace door; 

During the operation of lifting and inserting the electrode, the electrician shall ring the bell for warning and pay attention to observation, and teach and promote the operators of furnace surface processing section and the third floor platform to paste and weld the electrode shell to leave the furnace, so as to prevent the accident of hot material splashing and burning caused by material collapse.