Iron blast furnaces[edit]Blast furnaces are still an important part of modern ironmaking production. Modern furnaces are very effaicient, including Cowper furnaces for preheating the blast and employing recovery systems to extract heat from the hot gases exiting the furnace. Industry competition dri
READ MOREIn metallurgy, a ladle is a barrel or vessel used for transporting and pouring molten metal. Ladles are commonly used in foundries and range in size from small hand-held containers similar to kitchen ladles, which can hold 20 kg (44 lbs), to large steel mill ladles, which can hold up to 300 tons (29
READ MOREVacuum induction melting (VIM) uses an electric current to melt metal in a vacuum. The first prototype was developed in 1920. [1] Induction heating induces eddy currents in the conductor. The eddy currents create a thermal effect to melt the metal. [2] Vacuum induction melting has been used in the a
READ MORESmaller arc furnaces may be adequately cooled by circulation of air over structural elements of the shell and roof, but larger installations require intensive forced cooling to maintain the structure within safe operating limits. The furnace shell and roof may be cooled either by water circulated th
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