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Ultra-high-power electric arc furnaces mainly use arcs to heat and melt scrap steel.
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Electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that uses the electric heating of electric arc to smelt metal. In the electric arc furnace, there are one or more electric arcs. By the action of arc discharge, the electric energy is transformed into heat energy to supply the heat required to heat the smelting materials.
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Rapid melting and heating are the most important functions of electric arc furnace, which begins after the first basket of scrap is added to the furnace. In order to melt the scrap steel and make the molten steel temperature reach the tapping temperature in the shortest possible time, the following operations are generally carried out in the EBT electric furnace: power supply at the maximum possible power, oxygen one burner nozzle melting, oxygen blowing and stirring, bottom blowing mixing, foam slag and other intensified smelting and heating technologies.
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The furnace top, also known as the furnace cover, is in a circular arch shape and can be moved. The outer ring is a water-jacketed steel structure. During the smelting process, the furnace roof (especially the central part of the furnace roof, around the electrode hole and the dust removal hole) is at high temperature for a long time. The state of the furnace is also affected by sudden changes in temperature. The chemical corrosion of furnace gas and slagging powder, the radiation of electrode arc and the erosion of smoke and dust, the dust on the furnace roof also produces pressure and hinders heat dissipation. The furnace roof is also subject to mechanical The function of vibration, the working conditions are very bad, it is the weak link of the whole furnace lining.
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What are the problems in the development of industrial electric arc furnaces in my country?? Analysis of the status quo of industrial development in my country. Industrial electric arc furnaces are a kind of energy conversion equipment. The input energy is in the form of chemical energy in fuel, electric energy, and heat energy of high-temperature flue gas.
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The proportion of scrap steel making steel is increasing, and the future development space is broad. my country is a big country of iron and steel production. The proportion of long-process steel making is as high as 90%. There is a huge demand for iron ore (745, 16.00, 2.19%). At the same time, the dependence on iron ore has also remained above 80%. The countries that import iron ore in my country are relatively concentrated, and most of the importing countries are in Australia, Brazil and South Africa. Among them, Australia's imports accounted for more than 60%. The total amount of Australian ore imported by China accounts for more than 70% of the country’s ore output. A large amount of dependence on imports has made our country very passive in international ore pricing. International iron ore prices have also risen all the way, which has also put pressure on domestic steelmaking costs.
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French Heroult (P.L.T.Héroult) used the high temperature of the electric arc of the electrode to develop an alternative energy source for coal and invented the electric arc furnace for industrial direct smelting from 1888 to 1892. At first, the electric arc furnace was only used for the production of calcium carbide and ferroalloys. It was not until 1906 that it was developed for steelmaking, which enabled the economical and large-scale recycling of steel scrap.
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